📘 DAY 1: HTML INTRODUCTION
1️⃣ What is HTML?
HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language.
HTML is the standard language used to create web pages.
It is used to structure the content on the web.
👉 HTML is not a programming language
👉 HTML is a markup language
2️⃣ Why HTML is Called a Markup Language?
HTML uses tags to “mark” content.
Example:
<p>This is a paragraph</p>
<p> → Opening tag
</p> → Closing tag
Text inside is marked as a paragraph
So HTML marks content, not performs logic.
3️⃣ What is HyperText?
HyperText means text with links.
Example:
<a href="https://google.com">Go to Google</a>
Clicking the text takes you to another page.
👉 HyperText = connected documents
4️⃣ What Can We Do Using HTML?
Using HTML, we can:
Create web pages
Display text and headings
Add images and videos
Create links
Design tables
Create forms
Build website structure
Every website uses HTML as the base.
5️⃣ How HTML Works (Behind the Scenes)
You write HTML code
Save file as .html
Browser reads HTML
Browser displays output
👉 Browser does not show tags, it shows content
6️⃣ HTML Tags
HTML tags are keywords enclosed in angle brackets < >.
Example:
<h1>Hello World</h1>
Types of Tags:
✔ Paired Tags
<p>Paragraph</p>
✔ Unpaired Tags
<br>
<hr>
7️⃣ HTML Elements
An HTML element consists of:
Opening tag
Content
Closing tag
Example:
<p>This is an element</p>
8️⃣ Structure of an HTML Document
Every HTML page follows a fixed structure.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>My First Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to HTML</h1>
<p>This is my first web page.</p>
</body>
</html>
9️⃣ Explanation of HTML Structure
🔹 <!DOCTYPE html>
Declares HTML5
Must be written at the top
Helps browser understand document type
🔹 <html>
Root element
Contains entire webpage
🔹 <head>
Contains page information
Not visible to user
Includes title, meta, links
🔹 <title>
Appears on browser tab
Important for SEO
🔹 <body>
Visible part of webpage
Contains text, images, links, etc.
🔟 First HTML Program
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>HTML First Program</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello HTML</h1>
<p>This is my first HTML program.</p>
</body>
</html>
1️⃣1️⃣ Output
When opened in a browser, you will see:
Hello HTML
This is my first HTML program.
1️⃣2️⃣ HTML File Extension
HTML files must be saved with:
.html ✅
.htm ✅
Example:
index.html
1️⃣3️⃣ HTML is Case Insensitive (But Follow Standards)
HTML works with:
<H1>Hello</H1>
But best practice is:
<h1>Hello</h1>
✔ Lowercase tags
✔ Clean code
✔ Professional standard
1️⃣4️⃣ Common Mistakes by Beginners
❌ Forgetting closing tags
❌ Saving file as .txt
❌ Writing HTML inside Word file
❌ Missing <body> section
1️⃣5️⃣ Advantages of HTML
✔ Easy to learn
✔ Platform independent
✔ Supported by all browsers
✔ Free and open standard
1️⃣6️⃣ Limitations of HTML
❌ Cannot perform logic
❌ Cannot validate data
❌ Cannot connect to database
👉 That’s why we use CSS + JavaScript with HTML.
1️⃣7️⃣ Try It Yourself (Practice)
Open Notepad
Paste the HTML code
Click Save As
File name: index.html
Open with browser
🎉 You created your first webpage!
1️⃣8️⃣ Interview / Exam Questions
What is HTML?
Is HTML a programming language?
What is HyperText?
What is a tag?
What is an element?
Purpose of <!DOCTYPE html>
1️⃣9️⃣ Summary
HTML creates web pages
Uses tags to structure content
HTML is the foundation of web development
Every website starts with HTML
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