JDBC stands for Java Database Connectivity. JDBC is a Java API to connect and execute the query with the database. It is a part of JavaSE (Java Standard Edition). JDBC API uses JDBC drivers to connect with the database. There are four types of JDBC drivers:
JDBC-ODBC Bridge Driver,
Native Driver,
Network Protocol Driver, and
Thin Driver
We have discussed the above four drivers in the next chapter.
We can use JDBC API to access tabular data stored in any relational database. By the help of JDBC API, we can save, update, delete and fetch data from the database. It is like Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) provided by Microsoft.
The current version of JDBC is 4.3. It is the stable release since 21st September, 2017. It is based on the X/Open SQL Call Level Interface. The java.sql package contains classes and interfaces for JDBC API. A list of popular interfaces of JDBC API are given below:
Driver interface
Connection interface
Statement interface
PreparedStatement interface
CallableStatement interface
ResultSet interface
ResultSetMetaData interface
DatabaseMetaData interface
RowSet interface
A list of popular classes of JDBC API are given below:
DriverManager class
Blob class
Clob class
Types class
Why Should We Use JDBC
Before JDBC, ODBC API was the database API to connect and execute the query with the database. But, ODBC API uses ODBC driver which is written in C language (i.e. platform dependent and unsecured). That is why Java has defined its own API (JDBC API) that uses JDBC drivers (written in Java language).
We can use JDBC API to handle database using Java program and can perform the following activities:
Connect to the database
Execute queries and update statements to the database
Retrieve the result received from the database.
What is API
API (Application programming interface) is a document that contains a description of all the features of a product or software. It represents classes and interfaces that software programs can follow to communicate with each other. An API can be created for applications, libraries, operating systems, etc.
Topics in Java JDBC Tutorial
2) JDBC Drivers
In this JDBC tutorial, we will learn four types of JDBC drivers, their advantages and disadvantages.
3) 5 Steps to connect to the Database
In this JDBC tutorial, we will see the five steps to connect to the database in Java using JDBC.
4) Connectivity with Oracle using JDBC
In this JDBC tutorial, we will connect a simple Java program with the Oracle database.
5) Connectivity with MySQL using JDBC
In this JDBC tutorial, we will connect a simple Java program with the MySQL database.
6) Connectivity with Access without DSN
Let's connect java application with access database with and without DSN.
7) DriverManager class
In this JDBC tutorial, we will learn what does the DriverManager class and what are its methods.
8) Connection interface
In this JDBC tutorial, we will learn what is Connection interface and what are its methods.
9) Statement interface
In this JDBC tutorial, we will learn what is Statement interface and what are its methods.
10) ResultSet interface
In this JDBC tutorial, we will learn what is ResultSet interface and what are its methods. Moreover, we will learn how we can make the ResultSet scrollable.
11) PreparedStatement Interface
In this JDBC tutorial, we will learn what is benefit of PreparedStatement over Statement interface. We will see examples to insert, update or delete records using the PreparedStatement interface.
12) ResultSetMetaData interface
In this JDBC tutorial, we will learn how we can get the metadata of a table.
13) DatabaseMetaData interface
In this JDBC tutorial, we will learn how we can get the metadata of a database.
14) Storing image in Oracle
Let's learn how to store image in the Oracle database using JDBC.
15) Retrieving image from Oracle
Let's see the simple example to retrieve image from the Oracle database using JDBC.
16) Storing file in Oracle
Let's see the simple example to store file in the Oracle database using JDBC.
17) Retrieving file from Oracle
Let's see the simple example to retrieve file from the Oracle database using JDBC.
18) CallableStatement
Let's see the code to call stored procedures and functions using CallableStatement.
19) Transaction Management using JDBC
Let's see the simple example to use transaction management using JDBC.
20) Batch Statement using JDBC
Let's see the code to execute batch of queries.
21) JDBC RowSet
Let's see the working of new JDBC RowSet interface.
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