Arithmetic Operators in C++

Arithmetic operators are used to perform mathematical operations with basic variables such as integers and floating-point numbers. Here is a brief summary of the different arithmetic operators in C++:

1. Addition Operator (+)

It adds two numbers together.

int sum = a + b;

2. Subtraction Operator (-)

It subtracts one number from another.

int difference = a - b;

3. Multiplication Operator (*)

It multiplies two numbers together.

int product = a * b;

4. Division Operator (/)

It divides one number by another. Note that if both operands are integers, it will perform integer division and the result will be an integer.

int quotient = a / b; // integer division
float quotient = float(a) / float(b); // floating-point division

5. Modulus Operator (%)

It calculates the remainder of an integer division.

int remainder = a % b;

6. Increment Operator (++)

It increments the value of a variable by 1. There are two ways to use this operator: prefix (++x) and postfix (x++). Prefix increments the value before returning it, whereas postfix returns the value first and then increments it.

int x = 5;
int y = ++x; // x = 6, y = 6
int z = x++; // x = 7, z = 6

7. Decrement Operator (--)

It decrements the value of a variable by 1. It can also be used in prefix (--x) and postfix (x--) forms.

int x = 5;
int y = --x; // x = 4, y = 4
int z = x--; // x = 3, z = 4

These are the basic arithmetic operators in C++ that allow you to perform mathematical operations on your variables. Use them in combination with other control structures, such as loops and conditionals, to build more complex programs.